The Story of Vidudabha (Dhammapada 4 : 47)

IV. Puppha Vagga – Blossoms

Verse 47:
Like one who picks and chooses flowers,
a man who has his mind attached to sensual pleasures
is carried away by Death,
just as a great flood sweeps away a sleeping village.
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While residing at the Jetavana monastery, the Buddha uttered Verse (47) of this book, with reference to Vidudabha, son of King Pasenadi of Kosala.

King Pasenadi of Kosala, wishing to marry into the clan of the Sakyans, sent some emissaries to Kapilavatthu with a request for the hand of one of the Sakyan princesses. Not wishing to offend King Pasenadi, the Sakyan princes replied that they would comply with his request, but instead of a Sakyan princess they sent a very beautiful girl born of King Mahanama and a slave woman. King Pasenadi made that girl one of his chief queens and subsequently she gave birth to a son. This son was named Vidudabha. When the prince was sixteen years old, he was sent on a visit to King Mahanama and the Sakyan princes. There he was received with some hospitality but all the Sakyan princes who were younger than Vitatubha had been sent away to a village, so that they would not have to pay respect to Vitatubha. After staying a few days in Kapilavatthu, Vidudabha and his company left for home. Soon after they left, a slave girl was washing with milk the place where Vitatubha had sat; she was also cursing him, shouting, "This is the place where that son of a slave woman had sat". At that moment, a member of Vitatubha's entourage returned to fetch something which he had left at the place and heard what the slave girl said. The slave girl also told him that Vidudabha 's mother, Vasabhakhattiya, was the daughter of a slave girl belonging to Mahanama.

When Vidudabha was told about the above incident, he became wild with rage and declared that one day he would wipe out the whole clan of the Sakyans. True to his word, when Vidudabha became king, he marched on the Sakyan clan and massacred them all, with the exception of a few who were with Mahanama and some others. On their way home, Vitatubha and his army encamped on the sandbank in the river Aciravati. As heavy rain fell in the upper parts of the country on that very night, the river swelled and rushed down with great force carrying away Vitatubha and his army into the ocean.

On hearing about these two tragic incidents, the Buddha explained to the bhikkhus that his relatives, the Sakyan princes, had in one of their previous existences, put poison into the river killing the fishes. It was as a result of that particular action that the Sakyan princes had to die en masse. Then, referring to the incident about Vidudabha and his army, the Buddha said, "As a great flood sweeps away all the villagers in a sleeping village, so also, Death carries away all the creatures hankering after sensual pleasures."

Then the Buddha spoke in verse as follows:

"pupphāni h’eva pacinantam

byāsatta-mānasam naram

suttam gāmam mah’ogho’va

maccu ādāya gacchati"

Like one who picks and chooses flowers,

a man who has his mind attached to sensual pleasures

is carried away by Death,

just as a great flood sweeps away a sleeping village.

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Notes:

King Pasenadi has 2 wives / chief queens. The first queen is Queen Mallika, with whom he has a daughter, Princess Vajiri. The second is Queen Vasabha with whom he has a son, Prince Vidudabha.